Core Strengthening: The Wellness Station Way!

What is our core, what does it mean to have a strong core, and what are the best methods to achieve this?

Many of us associate the idea of having a strong core with the ability to stay active and independent as we age, maintain our balance, avoid injury, ease back pain, or perhaps maintain a trim waistline.

Although the idea of core strength is popular and highly sought after, what we are really after is core responsiveness: how efficient and with how much precision are our core muscles able to respond to the needs of our environment and our intentions. In other words, how well are our bodies able to do what we want them to do in a given situation?

This responsiveness depends on our neuromuscular system- the intricate connections between our brain, spinal cords, and muscles. It is crucial that this responsiveness includes all of the tiny muscles that connect each of our vertebrae, which are vital for dynamic stability, proprioception, and the ability to "change shapes" depending on the needs of the situation.

In the world of traditional physical therapy and fitness, the idea of core strength is often reduced to "core stability", and focuses on the ability to brace and hollow the abdomen. The general notion is that we must be able to keep our core very tight and rigid during movement, lest we injure our spines. This rigid stability utilizes the large, long muscles that travel up and down the spine, neglecting the tiny muscles in between each vertebrae. This is not how we function as human beings!

As we live in a three-dimensional world, our bodies need to be able to efficiently change shapes based on the situation we are in. By only training ourselves to keep our cores tight and thus restricting movement, we are behaving in a linear manner that is not conducive to our dynamic, three-dimensional world. Although this type of core engagement can be helpful in some situations (perhaps if a pet or a baby decided to crawl on our stomach!), far more often this approach is selling ourselves short and could actually put us at a higher risk of injury, pain, or limited function.

   Consider the example of a stack of blocks connected by elastic bands as referenced in our Ehlers Danlos blog post, illustrating the difference between segmental vs. rigid core responsiveness. The traditional approach to core stability is similar to the example in which the blocks are connected only by four long rubber bands, in which the vertebrae (like the tower of blocks) are undifferentiated and controlled using the large, long muscles of the spine. This would neglect the small muscles of the spine that allow us to move with efficiency, fluidity, and balance. Our approach at The Wellness Station reflects the example in which the tower is connected by smaller rubber bands in between each block, allowing the structure to form a variety of complex shapes and forms, representing segmental spinal responsiveness.

Our core is our spine- we need to be able to move our spine in the three dimensions. Flexion and extension, side bending, and rotation. Each of our many vertebrae are capable of movement, and our deep spinal muscles (including the transversospinales and the segmental muscles) allow this movement.

By engaging in mindful movement practices to target these muscle groups, we can strengthen our mind-body connection to these areas, thereby improving responsiveness of our core.

This is truly what core strength is- our ability to move our spines into different shapes efficiently, mindfully, and powerfully depending on our intention and the circumstance we find ourselves in.

Here are some examples of mindful movement drills that engage the body in three-dimensions, and target segmental movement of the spinal column. Enjoy!

Written by Jacob Tyson, DPT - Physical Therapist, Yoga Instructor and The Wellness Station Team

Osteoporosis and Osteopenia: A Healthy Movement Practice

Are there any special considerations for a movement practice for someone who may be at risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis, or perhaps is already diagnosed with a condition of impaired bone density? 

Absolutely! One size does not fit all when it comes to movement, especially when it comes to protecting the integrity of our bones. At the Wellness Station with our Feldenkrais-inspired approach, it is our job to address osteoporosis and osteopenia with individually-crafted lessons that are unique for every individual. Factors that are important to consider throughout therapy are how to maintain and increase bone density, improve muscular strength and responsiveness, body awareness, and help prevent the risk of a fall or compression fracture.

Here are some key considerations when engaging in yoga or any movement if you are aware that you have decreased bone mineral density:

1. Communicate effectively with your body: 

When we move, we are engaging in a dialogue with our body. We initiate the movement, and it is our job to listen to how our body responds, and modulate our movement based on that response! In other words, what are the subtle signs that we can pick up when we are putting our body through strain? Do we notice when we are doing a forward fold that we feel uncomfortable pressure in our abdomen? Do we notice that the way we pick up a heavy object from the floor causes us to hold our breath and feel a sense of distress? If so, we have to change the way we are moving.

2. Modify movements that put excessive load on the front of the spine or neck of femur: 

The most common osteoporotic fractures are of the front vertebral bones in the low or mid back. Notice in this image the location of the compression fracture is in the front of the spinal bone towards the middle of the back. There are many types of movements that increase load on these bones, such as bending forward at the waist, as well as twisting and turning the body when bent at the waist. When engaging in movement that involves compression of the front spine, consider the load that is going through these bones, and be careful not to push or strain if any discomfort is felt.

Consider a forward fold. Especially if the hamstrings are tight, the spine may become very rounded in this pose, which can put extra load through the front vertebral bodies, especially if we are straining to try to get the hands to the ground.

When modifying your movement practice, consider the intention of the movement, and modify to match the intention but in a safer and more effective way.

The intention of a forward fold is to experience lengthening and relaxation throughout the back of the body, including the hamstrings, gluteals, and muscles of the low back, and the fascia (connective tissue) that runs down the back of our body.

Notice that in this movement sequence, these same intentions are met, but the spine is fully supported by the ground and we are able to move dynamically without increasing the load on the vertebral bodies.

The neck of the femur just below the hip joint is also a common fracture area. Be cautious about poses such as pigeon, as this position subjects that bone to a high amount of load. Many people practice pigeon in a very passive way, which is not helpful for strengthening the bones and the surrounding hip musculature.

Consider these hands and knees variations of pigeon pose. Notice that by performing this “wagging the tail” movement, we are bringing suppleness into the whole spine, and also challenging the weight-bearing leg (the leg that is down on the ground). Notice that “sitting back” into the weight-bearing leg is very similar to the “pigeon” position, but it is a dynamic rather than a passive movement. This challenge can stimulate bone density as well as improve strength and responsiveness of the supportive hip muscles including the gluteals and piriformis.

After you get the hang of wagging your tail, try to make circles! Notice the engagement of the entire body with this dynamic movement pattern.

3. Prioritize extension postures rather than flexion postures

Flexion-based movements such as forward folds are when the spine is bending forward, which puts more compression on the front of the vertebrae. Extension-based movements do the opposite. Also known as backbends in yoga, extension-based postures are very safe for those with bone density loss. Spinal extension helps to reverse the compression on the front of the body, and helps to strengthen the muscles that promote healthy posturing. 

Notice these extension-based movements performed while lying on the belly. This is an excellent way to build strength and awareness of the back side of the body. Notice the balance and stability that is created by performing these diagonal movement patterns  in which the right upper body moves with the left lower body, and vice versa.

4. Challenge your balance with ease and support 

Yoga can be an excellent tool for improving balance, but it is important to be able to maintain stability and ease throughout your standing practice. There is no point in practicing feeling unbalanced, so modify your practice to meet yourself where you are. If you are feeling too challenged and at risk of falling, then this is not doing you any favors. Maintain stability and ease by modifying and using props. My favorite props for balancing poses are the wall, chairs, and even the kitchen counter. By gently contacting one of these props with a hand, we can maintain groundedness, and correct ourselves more easily if we begin to lose our balance.

Notice the use of the wall as a prop to perform this standing side bending and circular movements. This sequence is the same as what we did on hands and knees, but now in a standing position. As balance is a dynamic process, adding movement is more helpful for improving balance compared to holding a static position such as tree pose. Additionally, the weight-bearing leg is being stimulated in a way that will help improve bone density and strength. This is also a great way to warm up the body before further activity such as going on a jog.  

At The Wellness Station, we will help you become aware of habitual movement patterns, yoga poses, and lifestyle factors that may be affecting your bone density and risk of fractures. We will help you develop or modify your movement practice with considerations of your individual needs, medical history, and goals. Every day is an opportunity to get to know your body on a deeper level in order to stay active, healthy, and strong, even with osteoporosis.

Giving Your Body What It Needs: Finding Your Flow

What is it to be in flow?

Flow is when our minds are fully immersed in an activity. A sense of complete focus, engagement, and pleasure. We have all felt this sense, perhaps when performing well at our job, playing a favorite sport, or feeling fully present while interacting with a loved one. The ingredients for finding flow include undivided attention, intrinsic reward, and the perfect balance between challenge and ease.

What does this mean when it comes to yoga and movement?

If you have ever participated in a Vinyasa style class, Vinyasa means flow- flowing between different postures, synchronizing this movement with breath. However, how often is it that you truly felt like you were “in flow”, with your attention fully in that moment? Or do you notice your attention elsewhere… anticipating what is next? Looking at the screen or the instructor? Comparing yourself to others, or judging yourself in some way?

Participating in yoga classes is a truly invaluable practice that can benefit everybody- an excellent method for learning the foundational postures and how to navigate between them without injury. However, merely following someone else’s teachings would be selling ourselves short. Each of our bodies/nervous systems have unique needs to be addressed. By taking time on the ground to explore what has been learned and add to it with creative variations, we can induce neuroplasticity and learning

This will help us get the greatest benefit out of our movement practice. Finding flow in our movement will stimulate our intrinsic reward system, which will keep us coming back for more! With the intention of being patient and kind to yourself, you will begin to unlock the inner wisdom of what your body needs.

Here are some ideas for finding a "flow". The instructions are left vague on purpose in order for you to learn your own way:

1. Lie on your back and hug your knees into your chest. Roll like a ball, and try to find a way to come up to sitting.

2. Find the easiest possible way to transition from lying on your back to lying on your front, and vice versa.

3. Pick two of your favorite yoga poses- then, find a way to transition between the two of them, even if it involves many steps in between. Continue to transition back and forth between the two, seeing if you can find the easiest possible way. (E.g. Child’s pose to down dog)

4. Take five minutes the next time you are in the kitchen cooking or cleaning, and try to notice your “flow” of movements. Is one activity moving fluidly to the next? Are you staying mindful and present in what you are doing? Try to create a sense of flow and presence during this task. Music might help!

Written by Jacob Tyson, DPT - Physical Therapist, RYT-200- Yoga Instructor and The Wellness Station Team

Core Strengthening: The Wellness Station Way!

What is our core, what does it mean to have a strong core, and what are the best methods to achieve this?

Many of us associate the idea of having a strong core with the ability to stay active and independent as we age, maintain our balance, avoid injury, ease back pain, or perhaps maintain a trim waistline.

Although the idea of core strength is popular and highly sought after, what we are really after is core responsiveness: how efficient and with how much precision are our core muscles able to respond to the needs of our environment and our intentions. In other words, how well are our bodies able to do what we want them to do in a given situation?

This responsiveness depends on our neuromuscular system- the intricate connections between our brain, spinal cords, and muscles. It is crucial that this responsiveness includes all of the tiny muscles that connect each of our vertebrae, which are vital for dynamic stability, proprioception, and the ability to "change shapes" depending on the needs of the situation.

In the world of traditional physical therapy and fitness, the idea of core strength is often reduced to "core stability", and focuses on the ability to brace and hollow the abdomen. The general notion is that we must be able to keep our core very tight and rigid during movement, lest we injure our spines. This rigid stability utilizes the large, long muscles that travel up and down the spine, neglecting the tiny muscles in between each vertebrae. This is not how we function as human beings!

As we live in a three-dimensional world, our bodies need to be able to efficiently change shapes based on the situation we are in. By only training ourselves to keep our cores tight and thus restricting movement, we are behaving in a linear manner that is not conducive to our dynamic, three-dimensional world. Although this type of core engagement can be helpful in some situations (perhaps if a pet or a baby decided to crawl on our stomach!), far more often this approach is selling ourselves short and could actually put us at a higher risk of injury, pain, or limited function.

   Consider the example of a stack of blocks connected by elastic bands as referenced in our Ehlers Danlos blog post, illustrating the difference between segmental vs. rigid core responsiveness. The traditional approach to core stability is similar to the example in which the blocks are connected only by four long rubber bands, in which the vertebrae (like the tower of blocks) are undifferentiated and controlled using the large, long muscles of the spine. This would neglect the small muscles of the spine that allow us to move with efficiency, fluidity, and balance. Our approach at The Wellness Station reflects the example in which the tower is connected by smaller rubber bands in between each block, allowing the structure to form a variety of complex shapes and forms, representing segmental spinal responsiveness.

Our core is our spine- we need to be able to move our spine in the three dimensions. Flexion and extension, side bending, and rotation. Each of our many vertebrae are capable of movement, and our deep spinal muscles (including the transversospinales and the segmental muscles) allow this movement.

By engaging in mindful movement practices to target these muscle groups, we can strengthen our mind-body connection to these areas, thereby improving responsiveness of our core.

This is truly what core strength is- our ability to move our spines into different shapes efficiently, mindfully, and powerfully depending on our intention and the circumstance we find ourselves in.

Here are some examples of mindful movement drills that engage the body in three-dimensions, and target segmental movement of the spinal column. Enjoy!

Written by Jacob Tyson, DPT - Physical Therapist, Yoga Instructor and The Wellness Station Team